Some of these biases can be addressed through the establishment of species-specific necropsy protocols to ensure reliable identification of collision-related injury, particularly blunt force trauma. Collision incidents with smaller species are scarce, likely as a result of reporting biases. However, our review found that at least 75 marine species are affected, including smaller whales, dolphins, porpoises, dugongs, manatees, whale sharks, sharks, seals, sea otters, sea turtles, penguins, and fish. To date, most scientific publications on this topic have focused on the collisions between large vessels and large whales. 3African Earth Observatory Network, Earth Stewardship Science Research Institute, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South AfricaĬoncern about the effects of maritime vessel collisions with marine animals is increasing worldwide.2Endangered Wildlife Trust, Modderfontein, South Africa.1School of Environmental Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.Schoeman 1 * Claire Patterson-Abrolat 2 Stephanie Plön 3
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